China spent 2.79 trillion yuan on R&D in 10 years

At a press conference held by the Publicity Department of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee, China's science and technology achievements over the past 10 years were introduced. In 10 years, China's research and development (R&D) expenditure increased from 1.03 trillion yuan to 2.79 trillion yuan, ranking second in the world. R&D intensity increased from 1.91 percent to 2.44 percent, close to the OECD average. Basic research expenditure increased by 3.4 times compared to 10 years ago, reaching an all-time high. In 2021, the working hours of all R&D personnel in China increased by 1.7 times compared to 2012, reaching 5.62 million years, ranking first in the world. The R&D duration of every 10,000 employees increased from 42.6 years in 2012 to 75.3 years. In 2021, the number of cited articles in China increased by 5.4 times compared to 2012, reaching 42,920, accounting for 24.8 percent of the world's most cited articles, ranking second in the world. The number of patents per 10,000 people increased from 3.2 in 2012 to 19.1 in 2021. The number of Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT) applications reached 69.5 thousand in 2021, up from 19 thousand in 2012, and maintained the world's first place for three years. In 2021, the transaction volume of technology-related contracts increased by 5.8 times compared to 2012, reaching 2 trillion 729 billion 400 million yuan, accounting for 3.26 percent of China's Gross Domestic Product. On the other hand, the scientific literacy rate of Chinese citizens has increased from 3.27 percent in 2012 to 10.56 percent in 2021. Over the past 10 years, the overall level of scientific research in China has been rapidly improved, and a series of achievements with international impact have been achieved. In addition, the development of science and technology has given new impetus to China's economic and social development. All R&D personnel have provided systematic scientific and technological solutions to complete important tasks and goals in the country. Scientific and technological support has been provided for disease prevention and public health nationwide. China Radio International